DRABC – or Primary Survey First Aid, is the first and most important step in saving someone's life. This simple acronym stands for: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing and Circulation. By following these steps in order, you can ensure that you provide the best possible chance of survival for the victim. Let's take a closer look at each one:
1. Danger: First and foremost, it is important to identify any potential danger zones before approaching the victim. Are they near traffic? Is there a risk of electrocution? Until it is safe to approach the victim, it is important to keep yourself out of harm's way.
2. Response: Once it is safe to approach the victim, check for a response. Shake their shoulder gently and ask them "Are you okay?" If they do not respond, call 911 immediately and begin CPR if necessary.
3. Airway: The next step is to make sure that the airway is clear. Look for objects that may be blocking the airway such as vomit or blood. If necessary, use your fingers to clear away any obstructions.
4. Breathing: Check to see if the victim is breathing by looking for chest movement and listening for breaths. If they are not breathing, begin CPR immediately.
5. Circulation: Check for a pulse by placing two fingers on the inside of their wrist or on their neck below their Adam's apple. If there is no pulse present, begin CPR immediately